Hazard ratio

Odds Ratio, Hazard Ratio and Relative Risk

Odds ratio (OR) is a statistic commonly encountered in professional or scientific medical literature. Most readers perceive it as relative risk (RR), although most of them do not know why that would be true. But since such perception is mostly correct, there is nothing (or almost nothing) wrong with that. It is nevertheless useful to be reminded now and then what is the relation between the rel...

Hazard ratio in clinical trials.

Time-to-event curves analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression are commonly used to describe the outcome of drug studies. This methodology has the advantage of using all available information, including patients who fail to complete the trial, such as in cancer chemotherapy or human immunodeficiency virus antiviral treatment studies. The goal of treatment in such studies may be to prevent...

Bias Of The Cox Model Hazard Ratio

Empirical likelihood for cumulative hazard ratio estimation with covariate adjustment.

In medical studies, it is often of scientific interest to evaluate the treatment effect via the ratio of cumulative hazards, especially when those hazards may be nonproportional. To deal with nonproportionality in the Cox regression model, investigators usually assume that the treatment effect has some functional form. However, to do so may create a model misspecification problem because it is ...

Bayesian test for hazard ratio in survival analysis

Over the decades, testing for equivalence of hazard functions has received a wide attention in survival analysis. In this paper, we proposed a Bayesian test to address this testing equivalence problem, Most of all, proposed test is methodologically flexible so that a procedure determining weights is not required when the proportional assumption is violated. In comparison with popularly exploite...